ビット列から文字へ

同じビット列が文字コードによってどんな文字に解釈されるか

文字コード	ビット列	表示される文字
ISO-8859-1	00111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110100111000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111	?????????ë ºë ë »???????????ë ºë ë »???????????ë ºë ë »???????ë ºë ë »?????????????ë ºë ë »???????????ë ºë ë »???????????ë ºë ë »???????ë ºë ë »??????????????????????ë ºë ë »????????????ë ºë ë »???????????ë ºë ë »?????????????????ë ºë ë »???????????ë ºë ë »???????????ë ºë ë »???????ë ºë ë »?????????????ë ºë ë »???????????ë ºë ë »???????????ë ºë ë »???????ë ºë ë »?????????????????N???????ë ºë ë »???????????ë ºë ë »???????????ë ºë ë »???????ë ºë ë »?????????????ë ºë ë »???????????ë ºë ë »???????????ë ºë ë »???????ë ºë ë »??????????????????????ë ºë ë »????????????ë ºë ë »???????????ë ºë ë »?????????????
SJIS-WIN	00111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110100111000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111	??????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????ｺ?危?ｻ??????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????ｺ?危?ｻ???????????????????????ｺ?危?ｻ?????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????????ｺ?危?ｻ??????????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????ｺ?危?ｻ??????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????ｺ?危?ｻ?????????????????N????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????ｺ?危?ｻ??????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????ｺ?危?ｻ???????????????????????ｺ?危?ｻ?????????????ｺ?危?ｻ????????????ｺ?危?ｻ?????????????
EUC-JP	00111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110100111000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111	??????????埼???????????????埼???????????????埼???????????埼?????????????????埼???????????????埼???????????????埼???????????埼??????????????????????????埼????????????????埼???????????????埼?????????????????????埼???????????????埼???????????????埼???????????埼?????????????????埼???????????????埼???????????????埼???????????埼????????????????????N????????埼???????????????埼???????????????埼???????????埼?????????????????埼???????????????埼???????????????埼???????????埼??????????????????????????埼????????????????埼???????????????埼????????????????
UTF-8	00111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110100111000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111	?????????렺렊렻???????????렺렊렻???????????렺렊렻???????렺렊렻?????????????렺렊렻???????????렺렊렻???????????렺렊렻???????렺렊렻??????????????????????렺렊렻????????????렺렊렻???????????렺렊렻?????????????????렺렊렻???????????렺렊렻???????????렺렊렻???????렺렊렻?????????????렺렊렻???????????렺렊렻???????????렺렊렻???????렺렊렻?????????????????N???????렺렊렻???????????렺렊렻???????????렺렊렻???????렺렊렻?????????????렺렊렻???????????렺렊렻???????????렺렊렻???????렺렊렻??????????????????????렺렊렻????????????렺렊렻???????????렺렊렻?????????????
UHC	00111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110100111000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110101110100000101110101110101110100000100010101110101110100000101110110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111010111010000010111010111010111010000010001010111010111010000010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101011101000001011101011101011101000001000101011101011101000001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111	?????????溜븍젇溜빡??????????溜븍젇溜빡??????????溜븍젇溜빡??????溜븍젇溜빡????????????溜븍젇溜빡??????????溜븍젇溜빡??????????溜븍젇溜빡??????溜븍젇溜빡?????????????????????溜븍젇溜빡???????????溜븍젇溜빡??????????溜븍젇溜빡????????????????溜븍젇溜빡??????????溜븍젇溜빡??????????溜븍젇溜빡??????溜븍젇溜빡????????????溜븍젇溜빡??????????溜븍젇溜빡??????????溜븍젇溜빡??????溜븍젇溜빡????????????????N???????溜븍젇溜빡??????????溜븍젇溜빡??????????溜븍젇溜빡??????溜븍젇溜빡????????????溜븍젇溜빡??????????溜븍젇溜빡??????????溜븍젇溜빡??????溜븍젇溜빡?????????????????????溜븍젇溜빡???????????溜븍젇溜빡??????????溜븍젇溜빡????????????