同じビット列が文字コードによってどんな文字に解釈されるか

ビット列:
2進表現  16進表現 
文字コードビット列表示される文字
ISO-8859-10011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111101010110001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110101011000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110110010110001100001011110110010101001100011001110110010100111101110011110110010110001100110001110110110011000100110111110110110011000100110101110110010110001100110011110110110011000101000011110110110011000100101101110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011001010100010001000001111111110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011110111101101100110001001111011101101100110001011001111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001011111101100101010001000110011101100101100011000110011101100101001111011000100111111111011001011000010111110111011011001100010011000111011001010011110110001111011001011000110011001111011011001100010011111111011011001100010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011011001100010010110111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111110011111111101100101100011000010111101100101010011000110011101100101001111011100111101100101100011001100011101101100110001001101111101101100110001001101011101100101100011001100111101101100110001010000111101100101010001000100000111111111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111111110110010110000101111011110110110011000100111101110110110011000101100111110110010110001100110011110110110011000100101111110110010101000100011001110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011111011101101100110001001100011101100101001111011000111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001111111101101100110001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111101001110001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111101010110001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110101011000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110110010110001100001011110110010101001100011001110110010100111101110011110110010110001100110001110110110011000100110111110110110011000100110101110110010110001100110011110110110011000101000011110110110011000100101101110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011001010100010001000001111111110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011110111101101100110001001111011101101100110001011001111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001011111101100101010001000110011101100101100011000110011101100101001111011000100111111111011001011000010111110111011011001100010011000111011001010011110110001111011001011000110011001111011011001100010011111111011011001100010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011011001100010010110111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111110011111111101100101100011000010111101100101010011000110011101100101001111011100111101100101100011001100011101101100110001001101111101101100110001001101011101100101100011001100111101101100110001010000111101100101010001000100000111111111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111111110110010110000101111011110110110011000100111101110110110011000101100111110110010110001100110011110110110011000100101111110110010101000100011001110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011111011101101100110001001100011101100101001111011000111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001111111101101100110001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111???????????????????V???????V???????????책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡혖챌짱??책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡쨈?챌짱?창혞혳챙혗쨌챌짱?찾혘짱챙혟혻???????????????책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡혖챌짱??책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡쨈?챌짱?창혞혳챙혗쨌챌짱?찾혘짱챙혟혻???????????????????????????N?????????????????V???????V???????????책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡혖챌짱??책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡쨈?챌짱?창혞혳챙혗쨌챌짱?찾혘짱챙혟혻???????????????책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡혖챌짱??책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡쨈?챌짱?창혞혳챙혗쨌챌짱?찾혘짱챙혟혻?????????????
SJIS-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???????????????????V???????V?????????????ｩ護ｧｹ?倆?嶸夥ｱ呰丕嶸野ｱ護ｧｱ????ｩ護ｧｹ?倆?嶸夥ｱ呰丕???護ｧｱ??ｽ嶸橲亠?呰??護ｱ護ｧｱ??ｾ嶸們ｧｱ?呰弌嶸ｻ?????????????????ｩ護ｧｹ?倆?嶸夥ｱ呰丕嶸野ｱ護ｧｱ????ｩ護ｧｹ?倆?嶸夥ｱ呰丕???護ｧｱ??ｽ嶸橲亠?呰??護ｱ護ｧｱ??ｾ嶸們ｧｱ?呰弌嶸ｻ???????????????????????????N?????????????????V???????V?????????????ｩ護ｧｹ?倆?嶸夥ｱ呰丕嶸野ｱ護ｧｱ????ｩ護ｧｹ?倆?嶸夥ｱ呰丕???護ｧｱ??ｽ嶸橲亠?呰??護ｱ護ｧｱ??ｾ嶸們ｧｱ?呰弌嶸ｻ?????????????????ｩ護ｧｹ?倆?嶸夥ｱ呰丕嶸野ｱ護ｧｱ????ｩ護ｧｹ?倆?嶸夥ｱ呰丕???護ｧｱ??ｽ嶸橲亠?呰??護ｱ護ｧｱ??ｾ嶸們ｧｱ?呰弌嶸ｻ?????????????
EUC-JP0011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111101010110001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110101011000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110110010110001100001011110110010101001100011001110110010100111101110011110110010110001100110001110110110011000100110111110110110011000100110101110110010110001100110011110110110011000101000011110110110011000100101101110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011001010100010001000001111111110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011110111101101100110001001111011101101100110001011001111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001011111101100101010001000110011101100101100011000110011101100101001111011000100111111111011001011000010111110111011011001100010011000111011001010011110110001111011001011000110011001111011011001100010011111111011011001100010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011011001100010010110111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111110011111111101100101100011000010111101100101010011000110011101100101001111011100111101100101100011001100011101101100110001001101111101101100110001001101011101100101100011001100111101101100110001010000111101100101010001000100000111111111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111111110110010110000101111011110110110011000100111101110110110011000101100111110110010110001100110011110110110011000100101111110110010101000100011001110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011111011101101100110001001100011101100101001111011000111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001111111101101100110001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111101001110001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111101010110001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110101011000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110110010110001100001011110110010101001100011001110110010100111101110011110110010110001100110001110110110011000100110111110110110011000100110101110110010110001100110011110110110011000101000011110110110011000100101101110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011001010100010001000001111111110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011110111101101100110001001111011101101100110001011001111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001011111101100101010001000110011101100101100011000110011101100101001111011000100111111111011001011000010111110111011011001100010011000111011001010011110110001111011001011000110011001111011011001100010011111111011011001100010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011011001100010010110111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111110011111111101100101100011000010111101100101010011000110011101100101001111011100111101100101100011001100011101101100110001001101111101101100110001001101011101100101100011001100111101101100110001010000111101100101010001000100000111111111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111111110110010110000101111011110110110011000100111101110110110011000101100111110110010110001100110011110110110011000100101111110110010101000100011001110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011111011101101100110001001100011101100101001111011000111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001111111101101100110001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111???????????????????V???????V???????????豈?讒?讌轟?????豈??″??豈?讌??豈?讒?讌轟?????豈??′??豈?讌?谿渚???褐???讎?豈?讌?谿壌??讌煙???????????????????豈?讒?讌轟?????豈??″??豈?讌??豈?讒?讌轟?????豈??′??豈?讌?谿渚???褐???讎?豈?讌?谿壌??讌煙???????????????????????????????N?????????????????V???????V???????????豈?讒?讌轟?????豈??″??豈?讌??豈?讒?讌轟?????豈??′??豈?讌?谿渚???褐???讎?豈?讌?谿壌??讌煙???????????????????豈?讒?讌轟?????豈??″??豈?讌??豈?讒?讌轟?????豈??′??豈?讌?谿渚???褐???讎?豈?讌?谿壌??讌煙?????????????????
UTF-80011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111101010110001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110101011000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110110010110001100001011110110010101001100011001110110010100111101110011110110010110001100110001110110110011000100110111110110110011000100110101110110010110001100110011110110110011000101000011110110110011000100101101110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011001010100010001000001111111110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011110111101101100110001001111011101101100110001011001111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001011111101100101010001000110011101100101100011000110011101100101001111011000100111111111011001011000010111110111011011001100010011000111011001010011110110001111011001011000110011001111011011001100010011111111011011001100010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011011001100010010110111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111110011111111101100101100011000010111101100101010011000110011101100101001111011100111101100101100011001100011101101100110001001101111101101100110001001101011101100101100011001100111101101100110001010000111101100101010001000100000111111111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111111110110010110000101111011110110110011000100111101110110110011000101100111110110010110001100110011110110110011000100101111110110010101000100011001110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011111011101101100110001001100011101100101001111011000111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001111111101101100110001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111101001110001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111101010110001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110101011000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110110010110001100001011110110010101001100011001110110010100111101110011110110010110001100110001110110110011000100110111110110110011000100110101110110010110001100110011110110110011000101000011110110110011000100101101110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011001010100010001000001111111110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011110111101101100110001001111011101101100110001011001111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001011111101100101010001000110011101100101100011000110011101100101001111011000100111111111011001011000010111110111011011001100010011000111011001010011110110001111011001011000110011001111011011001100010011111111011011001100010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011011001100010010110111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111110011111111101100101100011000010111101100101010011000110011101100101001111011100111101100101100011001100011101101100110001001101111101101100110001001101011101100101100011001100111101101100110001010000111101100101010001000100000111111111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111111110110010110000101111011110110110011000100111101110110110011000101100111110110010110001100110011110110110011000100101111110110010101000100011001110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011111011101101100110001001100011101100101001111011000111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001111111101101100110001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111???????????????????V???????V???????????책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡혖챌짱??책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡쨈?챌짱?창혞혳챙혗쨌챌짱?찾혘짱챙혟혻???????????????책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡혖챌짱??책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡쨈?챌짱?창혞혳챙혗쨌챌짱?찾혘짱챙혟혻???????????????????????????N?????????????????V???????V???????????책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡혖챌짱??책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡쨈?챌짱?창혞혳챙혗쨌챌짱?찾혘짱챙혟혻???????????????책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡혖챌짱??책쩌짹챘혛혚챙혡쨈?챌짱?창혞혳챙혗쨌챌짱?찾혘짱챙혟혻?????????????
UHC0011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111101010110001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110101011000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110110010110001100001011110110010101001100011001110110010100111101110011110110010110001100110001110110110011000100110111110110110011000100110101110110010110001100110011110110110011000101000011110110110011000100101101110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011001010100010001000001111111110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011110111101101100110001001111011101101100110001011001111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001011111101100101010001000110011101100101100011000110011101100101001111011000100111111111011001011000010111110111011011001100010011000111011001010011110110001111011001011000110011001111011011001100010011111111011011001100010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011011001100010010110111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111110011111111101100101100011000010111101100101010011000110011101100101001111011100111101100101100011001100011101101100110001001101111101101100110001001101011101100101100011001100111101101100110001010000111101100101010001000100000111111111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111111110110010110000101111011110110110011000100111101110110110011000101100111110110010110001100110011110110110011000100101111110110010101000100011001110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011111011101101100110001001100011101100101001111011000111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001111111101101100110001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111101001110001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111101010110001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110101011000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110110010110001100001011110110010101001100011001110110010100111101110011110110010110001100110001110110110011000100110111110110110011000100110101110110010110001100110011110110110011000101000011110110110011000100101101110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011001010100010001000001111111110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011110111101101100110001001111011101101100110001011001111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001011111101100101010001000110011101100101100011000110011101100101001111011000100111111111011001011000010111110111011011001100010011000111011001010011110110001111011001011000110011001111011011001100010011111111011011001100010111011001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111111011001011000110000101111011001010100110001100111011001010011110111001111011001011000110011000111011011001100010011011111011011001100010011010111011001011000110011001111011011001100010100001111011011001100010010110111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111110011111111101100101100011000010111101100101010011000110011101100101001111011100111101100101100011001100011101101100110001001101111101101100110001001101011101100101100011001100111101101100110001010000111101100101010001000100000111111111011001011000110001100111011001010011110110001001111111110110010110000101111011110110110011000100111101110110110011000101100111110110010110001100110011110110110011000100101111110110010101000100011001110110010110001100011001110110010100111101100010011111111101100101100001011111011101101100110001001100011101100101001111011000111101100101100011001100111101101100110001001111111101101100110001011101100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111???????????????????V???????V???????????梨낆찈吏뱀콠恁쏇삖梨숉삞恁뽰콐吏괄?梨낆찈吏뱀콠恁쏇삖梨숉삞夷뉭梨뚯㎟?李쏀삛恁녹콡恁쀬쮯梨뚯㎟?李얩삓吏깆콡恁잜샍???????????????梨낆찈吏뱀콠恁쏇삖梨숉삞恁뽰콐吏괄?梨낆찈吏뱀콠恁쏇삖梨숉삞夷뉭梨뚯㎟?李쏀삛恁녹콡恁쀬쮯梨뚯㎟?李얩삓吏깆콡恁잜샍???????????????????????????N?????????????????V???????V???????????梨낆찈吏뱀콠恁쏇삖梨숉삞恁뽰콐吏괄?梨낆찈吏뱀콠恁쏇삖梨숉삞夷뉭梨뚯㎟?李쏀삛恁녹콡恁쀬쮯梨뚯㎟?李얩삓吏깆콡恁잜샍???????????????梨낆찈吏뱀콠恁쏇삖梨숉삞恁뽰콐吏괄?梨낆찈吏뱀콠恁쏇삖梨숉삞夷뉭梨뚯㎟?李쏀삛恁녹콡恁쀬쮯梨뚯㎟?李얩삓吏깆콡恁잜샍?????????????