同じビット列が文字コードによってどんな文字に解釈されるか

ビット列:
2進表現  16進表現 
文字コードビット列表示される文字
ISO-8859-100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001000011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010001011101111101111101000001111101111101111011010110011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010000111101111101111101000001111101111101111011011000111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010000111111111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001001110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101000101110111110111110100000110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010000111111111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110100010111011111011111010000011111011111011110110101100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100001111011111011111010000011111011111011110110110001111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001000011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010001011101111101111101000001100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110100111000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010000111111111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110100010111011111011111010000011111011111011110110101100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100001111011111011111010000011111011111011110110110001111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001000011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010001011101111101111101000001100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111?????????????????????????????????????????????????????ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ渉｢ﾃｬﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ｡ﾃｱﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ渉｢ﾃ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ渉｢ﾃｬﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ｡ﾃｱﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ渉｢ﾃ????????N???????????????????????????????????????????????????ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ渉｢ﾃｬﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ｡ﾃｱﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ渉｢ﾃ????????????????
SJIS-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??????????????????????????????????????????????????????よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､??よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､?よｸ会ｽ｢??ｽｬ?よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､?ゑｽ｡??ｽｱ?よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､??よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､??よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､?よｸ会ｽ｢??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､??よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､?よｸ会ｽ｢??ｽｬ?よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､?ゑｽ｡??ｽｱ?よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､??よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､??よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､?よｸ会ｽ｢?????????N????????????????????????????????????????????????????よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､??よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､?よｸ会ｽ｢??ｽｬ?よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､?ゑｽ｡??ｽｱ?よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､??よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､??よｸ会ｽｪ?ゑｽ､?よｸ会ｽ｢?????????????????
EUC-JP00111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001000011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010001011101111101111101000001111101111101111011010110011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010000111101111101111101000001111101111101111011011000111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010000111111111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001001110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101000101110111110111110100000110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010000111111111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110100010111011111011111010000011111011111011110110101100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100001111011111011111010000011111011111011110110110001111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001000011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010001011101111101111101000001100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110100111000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010000111111111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110100010111011111011111010000011111011111011110110101100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100001111011111011111010000011111011111011110110110001111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001000011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010001011101111101111101000001100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111?????????????????????????????????????????????????????鐓?羝?鐔??鐔?鐓?羝?鐔??鐔わ?羝?鐔??鐔??羝?鐔??鐔わ?鐔￥?鐔縁?羝?鐔??鐔?鐓?羝?鐔??鐔?鐓?羝?鐔??鐔わ?羝?鐔??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????鐓?羝?鐔??鐔?鐓?羝?鐔??鐔わ?羝?鐔??鐔??羝?鐔??鐔わ?鐔￥?鐔縁?羝?鐔??鐔?鐓?羝?鐔??鐔?鐓?羝?鐔??鐔わ?羝?鐔??????????N???????????????????????????????????????????????????鐓?羝?鐔??鐔?鐓?羝?鐔??鐔わ?羝?鐔??鐔??羝?鐔??鐔わ?鐔￥?鐔縁?羝?鐔??鐔?鐓?羝?鐔??鐔?鐓?羝?鐔??鐔わ?羝?鐔??????????????????
UTF-800111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001000011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010001011101111101111101000001111101111101111011010110011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010000111101111101111101000001111101111101111011011000111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010000111111111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001001110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101000101110111110111110100000110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010000111111111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110100010111011111011111010000011111011111011110110101100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100001111011111011111010000011111011111011110110110001111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001000011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010001011101111101111101000001100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110100111000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010000111111111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110100010111011111011111010000011111011111011110110101100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100001111011111011111010000011111011111011110110110001111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001000011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010001011101111101111101000001100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111?????????????????????????????????????????????????????ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ渉｢ﾃｬﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ｡ﾃｱﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ渉｢ﾃ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ渉｢ﾃｬﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ｡ﾃｱﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ渉｢ﾃ????????N???????????????????????????????????????????????????ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ渉｢ﾃｬﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ｡ﾃｱﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､?ﾂ渉ｪﾂ､ﾂ渉｢ﾃ????????????????
UHC00111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001000011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010001011101111101111101000001111101111101111011010110011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010000111101111101111101000001111101111101111011011000111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010000111111111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001001110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101000101110111110111110100000110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010000111111111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110100010111011111011111010000011111011111011110110101100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100001111011111011111010000011111011111011110110110001111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001000011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010001011101111101111101000001100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110100111000111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010000111111111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110100010111011111011111010000011111011111011110110101100111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100001111011111011111010000011111011111011110110110001111011111011111010000010111001101011100010001001111011111011110110101010111011111011111010000010111011111011110110100100001111111110111110111110100000101110011010111000100010011110111110111101101010101110111110111110100000101110111110111101101001000011111111101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010101011101111101111101000001011101111101111011010010011101111101111101000001011100110101110001000100111101111101111011010001011101111101111101000001100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111001111110011111100111111?????????????????????????????????????????????????????絶귝툒節わ푴節｝絶귝툒節わ푴節ㅿ푴歷됵숱絶껓쉬絶귝툒節わ푴節ㅿ푴節∽푵節깍푴歷됵쉠絶귨숴?絶귝툒節わ푴節｝絶귝툒節わ푴節ㅿ푴歷됵숱絶귶???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????絶귝툒節わ푴節｝絶귝툒節わ푴節ㅿ푴歷됵숱絶껓쉬絶귝툒節わ푴節ㅿ푴節∽푵節깍푴歷됵쉠絶귨숴?絶귝툒節わ푴節｝絶귝툒節わ푴節ㅿ푴歷됵숱絶귶???????N???????????????????????????????????????????????????絶귝툒節わ푴節｝絶귝툒節わ푴節ㅿ푴歷됵숱絶껓쉬絶귝툒節わ푴節ㅿ푴節∽푵節깍푴歷됵쉠絶귨숴?絶귝툒節わ푴節｝絶귝툒節わ푴節ㅿ푴歷됵숱絶귶???????????????